The burial on Thursday of Hanan Abd Rahman Abu Salameh, a 59-year-old Palestinian woman, in the West Bank village of Faqqua, near Jenin. Her family told Israeli news media that she had been killed while harvesting olives.

Violence in the Israeli-occupied West Bank that has spiked during the war in Gaza is raising new alarms about an annual agricultural rite crucial to many Palestinians’ livelihoods: the olive harvest.

Jens Laerke, the spokesman for the United Nations agency for humanitarian coordination, known as OCHA, said in a briefing in Geneva on Friday that the annual harvest was becoming more perilous, noting that a woman working a grove near the city of Jenin, in the territory’s north, had been killed a day earlier.

“The olive harvest is an economic lifeline for tens of thousands of Palestinian families in the West Bank,” Mr. Laerke said, warning that Israeli settlers were increasingly endangering Palestinian farmers, land and production and that “Israeli forces have been using lethal warlike tactics” in the territory. He said that the Israeli military, as the occupying power, had a legal obligation to protect Palestinians in the territory but had at times been complicit in the increased violence.

The Palestinian Ministry of Health said on Thursday that the woman, Hanan Abd Rahman Abu Salameh, 59, was shot by Israeli military fire. The Israeli newspaper Haaretz reported that her family said she had been working in a grove about 200 yards from the Israeli-built separation barrier when a man in a military uniform shot her in the back.

In response to a query about the death, the Israeli military said in a statement on Sunday that the Military Advocate General was investigating and that once the investigation was concluded its “finding will be submitted for review.” It added that “the commander of the force present during the incident had been suspended from duty” pending the probe.

There have been at least 32 settler attacks in the West Bank since the start of October that have led to casualties, property damage or both, Mr. Laerke said.

Most of those were related to the olive harvest, according to OCHA’s latest weekly update on the West Bank on Thursday. “Israeli settlers attacked Palestinians or prevented them from gaining access to their lands and damaged trees, stole crops and harvesting tools,” the report said, adding that about 600 trees and saplings were raided or vandalized, affecting farmers in about 15 communities.

The agency’s warnings followed on the heels of other, similar alarms.

The U.N.’s high commission on human rights, in a statement on Wednesday, called it “the most dangerous olive season ever” for Palestinian farmers, citing agency experts and recalling that last year’s harvest had been “marred by a sharp increase in movement restrictions and violence by Israeli forces and settlers.”

The U.N. has recorded more than 1,400 attacks by Israeli settlers against Palestinian communities since the war in the other Palestinian territory, Gaza, began last October after the Hamas-led terrorist attacks on southern Israel, and Israeli forces have conducted raids and strikes in the West Bank against what they identify as terrorists.

The British foreign secretary, David Lammy, alluded to the issue in a statement on Tuesday announcing the imposition of financial sanctions on settlers and groups identified as supporting violence against Palestinians in the West Bank. Mr. Lammy expressed concern that the rising settler violence could worsen during the harvest, which he said had “traditionally suffered spikes in violence as organized settler groups disrupt and attack Palestinians.”

And a dozen diplomatic missions in Jerusalem and Ramallah — including those from Canada, France, Germany and the European Union — released a joint statement on Monday that called on Israel to “ensure a successful olive harvest” and fulfill its obligation to protect Palestinians in the West Bank.

“It is the responsibility of Israeli security forces to actively prevent Israeli settlers from entering Palestinian olive groves to disrupt the harvest,” the statement said.

More than 2.7 million Palestinians live in the West Bank, alongside about 500,000 Jewish settlers. Israel seized control of the territory from Jordan in 1967 during a war with three Arab states. Israeli Jews have moved in since in increasing numbers, residing there with both tacit and explicit government approval. The far-right government of the Israeli prime minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, has expanded Israeli settlements in the West Bank, despite international declarations that they are illegal.

Some government ministers — including the national security minister, Itamar Ben-Gvir, and the finance minister, Bezalel Smotrich — have been explicit about implementing policies to speed up Israeli settlement in the territory to thwart the creation of a Palestinian state, emboldening extreme elements of the settler movement and increasingly blurring the line between the state and the settlers’ actions.

Editor’s Note: The story below contains explicit language

CNN —

In his new book, legendary journalist Bob Woodward offers a remarkable look behind the scenes at President Joe Biden’s blunt, profanity-laced assessments and interactions with the world leaders who have shaped his presidency, from Benjamin Netanyahu to Vladimir Putin.

“That son of a bitch, Bibi Netanyahu, he’s a bad guy. He’s a bad fucking guy!” Biden declared privately about the Israeli prime minister to one of his associates in the spring of 2024 as Israel’s war in Gaza intensified, Woodward writes.

War is an intimate and sweeping account of one of the most tumultuous periods in presidential politics and American history. Simon & Schuster

“That fucking Putin,” Biden said to advisers in the Oval Office not long after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, according to Woodward. “Putin is evil. We are dealing with the epitome of evil.”

The book, “War,” also reveals new details about Donald Trump’s private conversations with Putin – and a secret shipment of Covid-19 testing equipment Trump sent to the Russian president for his personal use during the height of the pandemic. Trump has denied those reports.

Woodward’s new book, which was obtained by CNN ahead of its October 15 release, gives an unvarnished, in-the-room account of key moments as Biden and his national security team navigate international crises, from the disastrous Afghanistan withdrawal to confronting Putin before he invaded Ukraine to private battles with Netanyahu.

Based on hundreds of hours of interviews with firsthand participants, “War” is filled with newly reported details of high-stakes showdowns. The book explores the political and personal wars that Biden has fought during his presidency, including details about his decision to step aside from the 2024 campaign and conversations about his son Hunter Biden’s legal troubles.

Among the new details in “War”:

– Woodward writes that Biden’s national security team at one point believed there was a real threat, a 50% chance, that Putin would use nuclear weapons in Ukraine.

– Biden said he “should never have picked” Attorney General Merrick Garland during a conversation over his son’s legal troubles.

– Biden criticized former President Barack Obama’s handling of Putin’s invasion of Crimea in 2014, concluding that “Barack never took Putin seriously.”

– Citing a Trump aide, Woodward reports that there have been “maybe as many as seven” calls between Trump and Putin since Trump left the White House in 2021.

In a statement, Trump spokesman Steven Cheung said Trump gave Woodward “absolutely no access” for the book. “None of these made up stories by Bob Woodward are true,” he said.

Asked about the details that Woodward reports about Biden and Netanyahu, White House senior deputy press secretary Emilie Simons told reporters Tuesday, “They have a long-term relationship. They have a very honest and direct relationship, and I don’t have a comment on those specific anecdotes.”

‘This would be so crazy’

Woodward reports that in the lead-up to Russia’s invasion, the US had obtained a treasure trove of intelligence, which showed “conclusively” in October 2021 that Putin had plans to invade Ukraine with 175,000 troops.

“It was an astonishing intelligence coup from the crown jewels of US intelligence, including a human source inside the Kremlin,” Woodward reports. Human sources are among the most sensitive in the intelligence world.

President Joe Biden, left, and Russian President Vladimir Putin, right, pose for press ahead of the US-Russia summit at the Villa La Grange, in Geneva on June 16, 2021. Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images

“It was as if they had secretly entered the enemy commander’s tent and were hunched over the maps, examining the number and movement of brigades and the entire planned sequence on the multifront invasion,” Woodward writes.

While Biden and his advisers agreed the plan was “dead serious,” it was still hard for them — and their allies — to believe it.

“This is what Putin plans to do,” CIA Director Bill Burns said to Biden, according to Woodward.

“This would be so crazy,” Biden responded.

“Jesus Christ!” Biden said. “Now I’ve got to deal with Russia swallowing Ukraine?”

Biden confronted Putin with the intelligence twice in December 2021, first in a video conference and then in what Woodward describes as a “hot 50-minute call” that became so heated that at one point that Putin “raised the risk of nuclear war in a threatening way.”

Biden responded by reminding Putin that “it’s impossible to win” a nuclear war.

Despite repeated warnings, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky dismissed the idea that Putin would actually invade, even after Vice President Kamala Harris told him during a February 2022 meeting at the Munich Security Conference that an invasion was imminent.

Harris told Zelensky he needed to “start thinking about things like having a succession plan in place to run the country if you are captured or killed or cannot govern.” After the meeting, Woodward writes, Harris said she was worried it might be the last time they ever saw him.

‘The most hair-raising moment of the whole war’

One of the most dramatic scenes in “War” reveals just how alarmed Biden and his national security team became over the prospect of Putin using nuclear weapons.

By September 2022, US intelligence reports deemed “exquisite” revealed a “deeply unnerving assessment” of Putin — that he was so desperate about battlefield losses that he might use tactical nuclear weapons in Ukraine.

Based on the alarming new intelligence reports, the White House believed there was a 50% chance Russia would use a tactical nuclear weapon — a striking assessment that had skyrocketed up from 5% and then 10%, Woodward reports.

President Joe Biden, right, and Ukraine President Volodymyr Zelensky walk down the Colonnade as they make their way to the Oval Office at the White House on December 21, 2022, in Washington, DC. Alex Wong/Getty Images

“On all channels, get on the line with the Russians,” Biden instructed his national security adviser, Jake Sullivan. “Tell them what we will do in response,” he said, according to Woodward.

The book recounts a tense phone call between Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin and his Russian counterpart in October 2022.

“If you did this, all the restraints that we have been operating under in Ukraine would be reconsidered,” Austin said to Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu, according to Woodward. “This would isolate Russia on the world stage to a degree you Russians cannot fully appreciate.”

“I don’t take kindly to being threatened,” Shoigu responded.

“Mr. Minister,” Austin said, according to Woodward, “I am the leader of the most powerful military in the history of the world. I don’t make threats.”

Two days later, the Russians requested another call. This time, the Russian defense minister dramatically claimed the Ukrainians were planning to use a “dirty bomb” — a false story the US believed the Kremlin was pushing as a pretext to deploy a nuclear weapon.

“We don’t believe you,” Austin said firmly in response, according to Woodward. “We don’t see any indications of this, and the world will see through this.”

“Don’t do it,” he said to Shoigu.

“I understand,” Shoigu replied.

“It was probably the most hair-raising moment of the whole war,” Colin Kahl, a senior Pentagon official, later said of the episode.

What Trump secretly sent to Putin

The book also contains new details about Trump’s relationship with the Russian president. In 2020, Woodward writes, Trump had “secretly sent Putin a bunch of Abbott Point of Care Covid test machines for his personal use.”

During the height of the pandemic, Russia and the United States did exchange medical equipment such as ventilators. But Putin — who infamously isolated himself over fears of Covid — told Trump on a phone call to keep the delivery of the Abbott machines quiet, Woodward reports.

“Please don’t tell anybody you sent these to me,” Putin said to Trump, according to Woodward.

“I don’t care,” Trump replied. “Fine.”

President Donald Trump, left, and and Russia President Vladimir Putin arrive for a meeting in Helsinki on July 16, 2018. Brendan Smialowski/AFP/Getty Images

“No, no,” Putin said. “I don’t want you to tell anybody because people will get mad at you, not me. They don’t care about me.”

Trump told ABC News on Tuesday that report is “false.”

Woodward writes that Trump has stayed in touch with Putin after leaving office.

In one scene, Woodward recounts a moment at Mar-a-Lago where Trump tells a senior aide to leave the room so “he could have what he said was a private phone call with Russian President Vladimir Putin.”

“According to Trump’s aide, there have been multiple phone calls between Trump and Putin, maybe as many as seven in the period since Trump left the White House in 2021,” Woodward writes.

Woodward asked Trump aide Jason Miller whether Trump and Putin had spoken since he left the White House. “Um, ah, not that, ah, not that I’m aware of,” Miller told Woodward.

“I have not heard that they’re talking, so I’d push back on that,” Miller added.

Woodward writes that Biden’s Director of National Intelligence Avril Haines “carefully hedged” when asked about whether there were any post-presidency Trump-Putin calls.

“I would not purport to be aware of all contacts with Putin. I wouldn’t purport to speak to what President Trump may or may not have done,” Haines said, according to Woodward.

Trump denied the reporting in an interview with Newsmax on Tuesday.

‘Trump is becoming more erratic’

Woodward also writes about Trump’s decision to run for president again, including a series of conversations with his ally and golfing buddy, Sen. Lindsey Graham.

“Going to Mar-a-Lago is a little bit like going to North Korea,” Graham said. “Everybody stands up and claps every time Trump comes in.”

The South Carolina Republican is quoted as saying Biden “won fair and square” but that Trump “doesn’t like to hear that.” Woodward goes on to describe Graham’s attempts to give Trump campaign advice for 2024.

“You’ve got a problem with moderate women,” Graham told Trump after the midterms. “The people that think that the earth is flat and we didn’t go to the moon, you’ve got them. Let that go.”

Graham repeatedly urged Trump to move on from the 2020 election, telling him if he is reelected, “then January 6 won’t be your obituary.”

“I gave a speech today and I only mentioned the 2020 election twice!” Trump said to Graham a few days later, “as if it had shown maximum restraint,” Woodward writes.

As Trump framed his presidential campaign around fear, Woodward writes that Graham said of the former president: “Trump is becoming more erratic. These court cases. I think they would rattle anybody.”

‘Bibi, you’ve got no strategy’

In the aftermath of the October 7, 2023, attack on Israel, Woodward describes the roller-coaster relationship between Biden and Netanyahu. While Biden supported Israel publicly, he fought with Netanyahu behind the scenes over how Israel was conducting the war in Gaza.

“What’s your strategy, man?” Biden asked Netanyahu during an April phone call, Woodward reports.

“We have to go into Rafah,” Netanyahu said.

“Bibi, you’ve got no strategy.” Biden responded.

That same month, Israel launched a strike in Syria that killed a top general in the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Corps, prompting Iran to launch more than 100 ballistic missiles in response, the first time that Iran had fired missiles from its territory directly at Israel.

The US, along with Saudi Arabia, Jordan and other US allies, came to Israel’s defense. While nearly all of the Iranian missiles were intercepted, Netanyahu wanted to retaliate.

Biden told Netanyahu on a call to “take the win,” though the Israeli prime minister pushed back. “You don’t need to make another move. Do nothing,” Biden said.

In the end, Israel launched a limited, calibrated strike against Iran, which Biden considered a win.

“I know he’s going to do something but the way I limit it is tell him to ‘Do nothing,’” Biden told his advisers, according to Woodward.

But Biden’s frustration with Netanyahu boiled over as the war continued to escalate.

“He’s a fucking liar,” Biden said privately of Netanyahu, after Israel went into Rafah, Woodward writes.

“Bibi, what the fuck?” Biden yelled at Netanyahu in July after an Israeli airstrike killed a top Hezbollah military commander and three civilians in Beirut, according to Woodward.

“You know the perception of Israel around the world increasingly is that you’re a rogue state, a rogue actor,” Biden said to Netanyahu.

Netanyahu responded that the target was “one of the leading terrorists.”

“We saw an opportunity and took it,” Netanyahu said. “The harder you hit, the more successful you’re going to be in the negotiation.”

‘Hey, let’s call Trump’

Woodward’s book also contains notable details about Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, who had been discussing the prospect of normalizing relations with Israel before the October 7 attack.

In the aftermath of the attack, Secretary of State Anthony Blinken conducted a whirlwind trip through the Middle East, trying to negotiate humanitarian assistance for Gaza. By the time Blinken arrived in Saudi Arabia to meet MBS, he was exhausted.

But the crown prince, a night owl, kept Blinken and his team up all night before finally meeting. Woodward quotes Blinken saying, “MBS was nothing more than a spoiled child.”

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken, left, meets with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman at al-Ula in northwestern Saudi Arabia on January 8. Evelyn Hockstein/Pool/AFP/Getty Images

In a later conversation, Blinken asked the Saudi crown prince about his demand for a path to a Palestinian state before Saudi Arabia would normalize relations with Israel.

“Do I want it?” MBS said and tapped his heart, Woodard writes. “It doesn’t matter that much. Do I need it? Absolutely.”

Woodward also recounts a meeting that Graham, the South Carolina senator, had with the crown prince in March.

“Hey, let’s call Trump,” Graham said to MBS while visiting with the Saudi leader in March.

What happened next offers a fascinating window into how the Saudi leader operates and communicates with various world leaders and government officials. Woodward writes that bin Salman had an aide bring over a bag with about 50 burner phones, pulling out one labeled “TRUMP 45.”

Among the others in the bag, Woodward writes, was a burner labeled “JAKE SULLIVAN.”

‘Should never have picked Garland’

The book also documents Biden’s personal and political struggles, including what Biden calls Trump in private, a surprising phone call from former President George W. Bush, Biden’s frustration with Obama and regrets about his selection of his attorney general Merrick Garland.

While Biden rarely invokes Trump’s name publicly, referring to him as “my predecessor” or “the former guy,” in private, Biden calls him “that fucking asshole,” Woodward writes.

After the disastrous US withdrawal from Afghanistan, Biden received a commiserating phone call from another member of the president’s club.

“Oh boy, I can understand what you’re going through,” Bush said to Biden. “I got fucked by my intel people, too,” Woodward writes.

Ahead of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, Biden complained that Obama didn’t do enough to stop Putin in 2014, when the Russian leader invaded Crimea.

“They fucked up in 2014,” Biden said to a friend, according to Woodward. “That’s why we are here. We fucked it up. Barack never took Putin seriously.”

Biden added, “We did nothing. We gave Putin a license to continue!” Biden was angry: “Well, I’m revoking his fucking license!”

Biden has remained hands off with the Justice Department. But privately, Woodward reveals the president’s anger at the prosecution of his son, especially toward his attorney general.

“Should never have picked Garland,” Biden once told an associate, Woodward reports. “This is never going to fucking go away,” Biden complained.

Woodward also describes a scene between father and son at the White House in the spring of 2022. The president was having dinner with a friend, when Hunter Biden came in, sat down and began talking about why he was the person with the most to lose from the midterm elections.

“Hunter rambled on about his personal crisis,” Woodward writes. “President Biden leaned back in his chair, closed his eyes and sighed.”

By the summer of 2024, questions about Biden’s ability to stay in the race consumed the White House and the Democratic Party after his disastrous debate performance. Over the next several weeks, Biden dug in, and insisted he would not drop out.

Woodward writes that Blinken — who is known for his loyalty and close relationship to Biden — addressed the sensitive issue during a private lunch on July 4.

“I don’t want to see your legacy jeopardized. Anyone who is written about gets one sentence. That’s the legacy,” Blinken said. “If this decision leads you to staying in and winning reelection, great. If it leads to you staying in and losing reelection, that’s the sentence.”

Blinken then asked Biden: “Can you see yourself doing it for another four years? You’ve got to answer that question.”

Biden, Harris and the ‘f-bomb’

When Biden dropped out on July 21, he immediately endorsed Harris, allowing her to consolidate Democratic support and avoid messy party infighting.

He also remembered what it was like not to get the president’s endorsement.

“I think it probably harkens back to the way Biden felt he didn’t get that from President Obama back in 2016,” Blinken said, according to Woodward. “He was disappointed. He felt that, you know, as his vice president that’s the normal and natural order.”

Vice President Kamala Harris, right, and President Joe Biden greet each other at the end of the first day of the Democratic National Convention at the United Center on August 19 in Chicago. Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images

“War” offers a glimpse into Harris’ private dealings with Biden as his vice president. Woodward writes that at one point she was concerned about Biden’s isolation and called one of his closest associates.

“I’m calling to ask you — to really beg you, actually — could you please talk to the president more than you talk to him?” Harris said to Biden’s friend. “Your president really loves you. You should talk to him more often than you do.”

Woodward writes: “The Biden associate was candid with the vice president. Look, one of the biggest reasons that Biden calls me, the associate said, is I provide him a level of comfort to the point where he can swear freely about ‘what a fucking asshole Joe Manchin is.’”

The vice president laughed. “That might be the only reason that he still really is comfortable with me to a point,” Harris said, according to Woodward, “because he knows that I’m the only person around who knows how to properly pronounce the word motherfucker.”

This story has been updated with additional reaction.

This is a story, pieced together and told in full for the first time, that leads to the heart of Israel. But it begins in the West Bank, in places like Khirbet Zanuta. From within the village’s empty ruins, there is a clear view across the valley to a tiny Jewish outpost called Meitarim Farm. Built in 2021, the farm has become a base of operations for settler attacks led by Yinon Levi, the farm’s owner. Like so many of the Israeli outposts that have been set up throughout the West Bank in recent years, Meitarim Farm is illegal. It is illegal under international law, which most experts say doesn’t recognize Israeli settlements in occupied land. It is illegal under Israeli law, like most settlements built since the 1990s.

Few efforts are made to stop the building of these outposts or the violence emanating from them. Indeed, one of Levi’s day jobs was running an earthworks company, and he has worked with the Israel Defense Forces to bulldoze at least one Palestinian village in the West Bank. As for the victims of that violence, they face a confounding and defeating system when trying to get relief. Villagers seeking help from the police typically have to file a report in person at an Israeli police station, which in the West Bank are almost exclusively located inside the settlements themselves. After getting through security and to the station, they sometimes wait for hours for an Arabic translator, only to be told they don’t have the right paperwork or sufficient evidence to submit a report. As one senior Israeli military official told us, the police “exhaust Palestinians so they won’t file complaints.”

And yet in November, with no protection from the police or the military, the former residents of Khirbet Zanuta and five nearby villages chose to test whether justice was still possible by appealing directly to Israel’s Supreme Court. In a petition, lawyers for the villagers, from Haqel, an Israeli human rights organization, argued that days after the Oct. 7 Hamas attack, a raiding party that included settlers and Israeli soldiers assaulted village residents, threatened murder and destroyed property throughout the village. They stated that the raid was part of “a mass transfer of ancient Palestinian communities,” one in which settlers working hand in hand with soldiers are taking advantage of the current war in Gaza to achieve the longer-standing goal of “cleansing” parts of the West Bank, aided by the “sweeping and unprecedented disregard” of the state and its “de facto consent to the massive acts of deportation.”

The Supreme Court agreed to hear the case, and the relief the villagers are seeking — that the law be enforced — might seem modest. But our reporting reveals the degree to which decades of history are stacked against them: After 50 years of crime without punishment, in many ways the violent settlers and the state have become one.

Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the United States has only gradually given Ukraine certain weapons systems and slowly loosened some restrictions on their use.

President Volodymyr Zelensky of Ukraine said Tuesday that he would urge the leaders of the United States, Britain and France to allow Ukrainian forces to use weapons supplied by those nations for strikes deep into Russian territory.

Mr. Zelensky said he had yet to get permission from any of those countries, despite other NATO leaders arguing that Ukraine should be given leeway for broad use of missiles and other arms supplied by its partners.

Mr. Zelensky said he would make his case this week in meetings with President Biden and in a separate meeting with Keir Starmer, the prime minister of Britain, and Emmanuel Macron, the president of France.

“Our decision depends on their will,” he said in an interview with The New York Times on Tuesday morning at the United Nations with Mette Frederiksen, the prime minister of Denmark. “For today, they have to give, or say that they will not give.”

“Do they really want us to prevail, or is it about something long, some terrible and long tragedy?” Mr. Zelensky said.

Recent diplomatic discussions among the three allied nations have focused on the question of allowing Ukraine to use imported weapons for long-range fire into Russia. Mr. Starmer and Mr. Macron are leaning toward giving permission but want to coordinate with Mr. Biden, who could soon decide to support Britain and France in loosening their restrictions before the United States does anything similar, U.S. officials say.

Since Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Mr. Biden has feared an escalation into a Russia-versus-NATO war and has only gradually given Ukraine certain weapons systems and slowly loosened some restrictions on their use.

Mr. Zelensky also said the allies should help Ukraine fully equip all its brigades. The country’s reserve units are underequipped and not properly trained on weapons systems provided by the United States and other allies, but that shortcoming can be addressed by the nations giving Ukraine enough arms quickly, he said.

Ms. Frederiksen said in the joint interview that the United States and Europe must prepare to support Ukraine in a war that could last for years longer, and that means loosening arms restrictions.

“I don’t think Ukraine can win with one arm on their back,” she told The Times. “So I think we need to end that discussion, to give what is needed, and actually to put it the other way around — ask Ukraine what is needed to win this war. And then we have to ensure that they will have what they need.”

Denmark, Sweden and Finland, all NATO members, have said Ukraine can do as it wishes with military aid from those countries. Mr. Zelensky and Ukrainian commanders say they want to use Storm Shadow missiles from Britain, as well as a similar missile supplied by France, to strike deep into Russia. In May, Mr. Biden agreed to let Ukraine use American weapons for short cross-border strikes against Russia but still banned long-range attacks.

Mr. Zelensky said on Tuesday that allies had given a lot in recent years, but never the full amount he has requested.

Both Mr. Zelensky and Ms. Frederiksen also said the United States and European nations needed to increase their capacity to produce weapons, and that allied investment in the production of arms inside Ukraine would help alleviate the shortage.

“We need to shift our mind-set,” Ms. Frederiksen said. “We still have a peacetime mind-set in the rest of Europe.”

“Of course we could have more production faster in the rest of Europe, if we took the right decisions, but at the same time helping inside Ukraine, I mean, co-production and so on,” she added, saying governments needed to encourage more direct investment in factories in Ukraine.

Mr. Zelensky noted that the European nations currently still produce more arms than Russia, and said, “What do we have to do to get it, just to get it to Ukraine?”

When asked about the “victory plan” that he has said he will present to Mr. Biden and other American politicians this week, Mr. Zelensky said a central component was bolstering Ukraine’s military — “real strengthening, not slow packages.”

Both Mr. Zelensky and Ms. Frederiksen also said NATO member nations must expedite Ukraine’s entry into the security organization.

Mr. Zelensky denounced the direct weapons aid that North Korea and Iran have given Russia, while Ms. Frederiksen said she believed China’s commercial partnerships with Russia had been pivotal in allowing Moscow to sustain its war effort. The Biden administration has said China helped Russia rebuild its defense industry despite U.S.- and Europe-led sanctions.

“I don’t think it would be possible for Russia to have a full-scale invasion and war in a European country and at the same time mobilize in their own country without help from China,” Ms. Frederiksen said. “We need to push China more, because you cannot help Russia in invading a European country.”

Mr. Zelensky flew to the United States on Sunday and visited a factory in Scranton, Pa., that makes 155-millimeter howitzer artillery shells. He thanked the workers for their efforts in supporting Ukraine.

Mr. Zelensky said in the interview that he planned to have meetings in Washington after his United Nations visit.