Using words like “devastating,” “heartbreaking,” and “shortsighted,” Michigan public health leaders and researchers at the state’s largest universities described the effects of President Donald Trump’s efforts to slash federal government spending — through executive orders, cuts to federal grants, and stop work orders — and the wide-reaching fallout.

Some local health departments have laid off workers and cut back on the services they can provide at regional laboratories and at community and in-school health clinics, and have seen disruptions in their ability to stop the spread of infectious disease, said Norm Hess, executive director of the Michigan Association for Local Public Health.