Eleven candidates ran in the Democratic primary for mayor, with former Governor Andrew Cuomo and state Assemblymember Zohran Mamdani leading the pack in pre-election polls.

With 93% of the vote in as of 10 p.m., Mamdani leads Cuomo 44% to 36%.

Under ranked choice voting, New Yorkers selected up to five candidates. If their top pick has the fewest first-choice votes, that candidate will be eliminated, and all of those votes are redistributed to second-choice picks. That process continues, until the winner has more than 50% of the remaining votes cast.

Those results will be released on July 1.

Former New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo’s remarkable political comeback just hit a major stumbling block, in the form of a third-term Assembly member.

Polls have closed at 9 p.m. in the New York City Democratic June 24 primary. The citywide elections will determine the Democratic nominee − and thus the favorite to win in November − for every office from mayor to county court judge.

The unofficial results of the instant runoff for mayor, conducted with ballots that rank up to five choices will be announced on July 1.

But with 90% of the votes counted, an unofficial tally shows Assembly Member Zohran Mamdani, 33, ahead of Cuomo 44% to 36%. That lead will be very difficult for Cuomo to surmount, because in polls Mamdani had a far greater proportion of lower-ranked votes from supporters of New York City Comptroller Brad Lander, who came in third with 12% of first-place votes.

Cuomo and Mamdani represent ideological poles in the 11-candidate field, with Cuomo − a centrist who appointed many Republicans to his gubernatorial administration − on its right, and Democratic Socialists of America-member Mamdani on its left.

While Cuomo has pledged to hire more police and increase private housing construction, Mamdani has excited progressives with promises to freeze rents in regulated apartments and make buses free.

The battle between the two of them, and a host of other local officials, on who can best stand up to President Donald Trump, lower the city’s housing costs, and remove homeless people from the streets and subways drew big spending from billionaires on Cuomo’s behalf. A Super PAC backing Cuomo has spent $24 million, much of it raised from Trump donors such as hedge fund manager Bill Ackman and real estate executive Steven Roth, along with former New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg.

Winning would have been a startling resurrection for Cuomo, a three-term governor who resigned in 2021 amid scandals including covering up nursing home deaths and numerous allegations of sexual harassment, which he denies.

Cuomo recently moved back to New York City for the first time in three decades, and launched a run for mayor, becoming an instant frontrunner. Many elected officials who condemnded him in 2021 endorsed him for mayor this year.

But while he has led in polls throughout the race, Cuomo’s lead has gradually diminished. A June 23 Emerson College Polling/PIX11/The Hill survey released June 23 showed Mamdani edging him out in the final round of the instant runoff that will use the city’s ranked-choice voting system to determine a winner. Betting markets, which showed Cuomo with a far greater chance of winning until just the day before the election, tightened considerably.

Notably absent from the ballot was incumbent Mayor Eric Adams, who dropped out of the primary to run as an independent in the general election. Adams has seen sagging approval numbers since his 2024 criminal indictment on federal corruption charges. He subsequently aligned himself increasingly with Trump, whose Department of Justice dropped the charges.

And Adams won’t be the only independent candidate in November. In addition to attorney Jim Walden, Cuomo is also on the November ballot as the nominee of the newly invented Fight and Deliver Party ballot line. He is expected to continue that campaign even if he loses the Democratic nomination. Likewise, Mamdani is the candidate of the Working Families Party and he may run on that line in the fall as well.

Why isn’t Eric Adams on the ballot?

Mayor Eric Adams won the mayoralty after winning in the 2021 Democratic primary, when New York City first used ranked choice voting. He’s still running for re-election in November, but he dropped out of the Democratic primary after a scandal-plagued tenure caused his approval ratings to plummet.

-Eduardo Cuevas

Disgraced former congressman Anthony Weiner trails in City Council race

Anthony Weiner, the disgraced former New York congressman, trails far behind in the Democratic primary for an open City Council seat in lower Manhattan.

Assemblymember Harvey Epstein, made nationally famous for a “Saturday Night Live” skit starring John Mulaney, was up handily in early tallies. Epstein led with 39% of votes in the 2nd Council District, with nearly 87% of scanners reported. Two candidates, Sarah Batchu and Andrea Gordillo, trailed Epstein at around 21% each.

Behind them was Weiner, at less than 11%.

Weiner, 60, was once considered a promising candidate for New York City mayor. In 2011, he resigned from Congress after he sexted and sent sexually suggested photos to several women. In 2017, he pleaded guilty to a charge for sexting a 15-year-old girl, which resulted in a 21-month sentence in federal prison and for Weiner to register as a sex offender after his release.

The City Council primary was seen as a way for Weiner to restart his political career. Before he was in Congress, he served on the Council in a Brooklyn district.

Eduardo Cuevas

NYC tries again at ranked choice voting. Here’s what voters said.

June 24 is New York City’s second time using ranked choice voting to elect its mayor. The city’s first time using the system, in the 2021 Democratic primary, had more voided ballots in areas with higher numbers of non-English speakers, lower income communities and households with lower educational attainment, than past elections research showed.

Voters at one polling site in the Bronx’s Fordham neighborhood, which is predominantly working-class, immigrant and Latino and Black, gave USA TODAY a mixed review of the system.

Isabella Cruz, 24, a cashier, said she preferred the old voting method of selecting just one candidate. But she made sure to rank state Mamdani first because of his focus on affordability and rent. She also liked that he campaigned nearby on Fordham Road. She ranked three others, including city Comptroller Brad Lander, another left-leaning candidate.

Bassarou Ali Zatchi, a 43-year-old nurse, had voted in ranked choice once before and found it easy. He declined to say who he ranked, though said he chose his top three and randomly selected the last two.

He rushed out of work, picked up his 8-year-old son, and went to the polls.

“You can’t just stay home,” he said. He made a point to take his son to show him the importance of voting. “That’s the future of this country.”

– Eduardo Cuevas

At 85% counted Mamdani ahead

Mamdani remains ahead of Cuomo in the unofficial results as the New York City Board of Elections reports that over 85% of the votes have been counted.

The Assembly member stands at 43.6% of the first-round vote while the former governor has 35.9%. Comptroller and Mamdani ally Lander is in a distant third at 11.5% as of the 9:45 ET update.

If the totals hold Mamdani will not win outright in the first-round but is in a strong position to take the Democratic nomination once ranked choice tallies are released.

James Powel

Alvin Bragg wins Democratic primary for district attorney

Alvin Bragg, the prosecutor who oversaw President Donald Trump’s hush money case, won the Democratic nomination for Manhattan district attorney, according to the Associated Press.

Trump was convicted in 2024 on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records to cover up a hush money payment made to porn star Stormy Daniels before the 2016 election. Daniels has alleged that she and Trump had a sexual encounter in 2006, a claim Trump denies. Bragg brought the case against Trump.

In 2022, Bragg’s office also won convictions against two parts of the Trump Organization and its chief financial officer. Allen Weisselberg was sentenced to five months in prison after pleading guilty to 15 charges in a scheme to avoid taxes. Two Trump corporations were fined a combined $1.6 million for convictions of 17 felonies.

Bragg will face Republican Maud Maron in the general election in the heavilyl Democratic borough.

-Sudiksha Kochi and Bart Jansen

Possible polling error?

Mamdani is eight percentage points ahead of Cuomo with 81% of the first-place votes counted.

That raises the question of why his lead wasn’t reflected in polls. An Emerson College Polling/PIX11/The Hill survey released on June 23 found Mamdani beating Cuomo by a few percentage points in the final round of the instant runoff thanks to supporters of New York City Comptroller Brad Lander who ranked him second, but losing to Cuomo among first round voters.

A New York City mayor polling average from Race to the White House updated on June 24 found Cuomo as voters’ first choice with Mamdani in a close second. Cuomo earned 36.4% of voters’ support while Mamdani earned 28.6% of voter support.

Previous polls have also found Cuomo in the lead.

-Sudiksha Kochi and Ben Adler

Public Advocate Jumaane Williams fends off challenge from Mayor Adams ally as incumbents keep seats, projections show

New York City Public Advocate Jumaane Williams is projected to win the Democratic primary for reelection, according to the Associated Press.

Williams, a progressive Democrat who has served since 2019, faced a challenge from state Assembly Member Jennifer Rajkumar of Queens, an ally of moderate Mayor Eric Adams.

The public advocate role acts as a city watchdog. The public advocate is next in line for mayor, which had been key when there were calls for Adams’ resignation, or for Gov. Kathy Hochul to remove him from office, following federal corruption charges.

Williams is a former city councilman from Brooklyn.

Spectrum News also called the races for Bronx borough president for incumbent Vanessa Gibson and Brooklyn borough president for incumbent Antonio Reynoso.

Eduardo Cuevas

First results have Mamdani ahead

The early unofficial results released by the New York City Board of Elections shows Mamdani ahead of Cuomo, though below the 50% threshold to win outright in the first round.

The upstart state Assembly member has just under 43% of the vote to the former governor’s 35.5%. New York City Comptroller Brad Lander is in third in the early tally at 12%. City Council Speaker Adrianne Adams, state Sen. Myrie Zellnor and former Comptroller Scott Stringer are far behind.

The results as of 9:20 p.m., account for approximately 44% of the total votes, according to the board.

-James Powel

Rushing to get all votes before polls close

Minutes before polls closed, Dakota Hampton, 29, sat eagerly on the Bx12 bus from the Bronx to Manhattan. The doctoral student at Fordham University planned to vote for Mamdani before polls closed.

“I identify as a leftist, so I want to see more social programs in the city,” he said.

Among those were making buses free, since Hampton takes the bus daily, and rent control to support tenants and small businesses.

At the end of the bus line in Manhattan’s Inwood neighborhood, which is predominantly Dominican, canvassers for Uptown Community Democrats yelled out to any who would listen that polls were closing at 9 p.m. In the days before the primary, Mamdani campaigned in Inwood, where President Donald Trump made large gains among Latino voters in 2024.

-Eduardo Cuevas

Polls close in New York City primary

Lines for the polls have closed in the New York City primary election.

The city’s board of elections stated in a post on X that voters who were in-line prior to 9 p.m. will be allowed to vote.

The board will release results from the first round of ranked choice voting tonight. In the likely event that no candidate crosses the 50% threshold, Democratic voters will have to wait for the unofficial results released on July 1 to see who won the marquee race between Cuomo and Mamdani for the party’s mayoral nomination.

Official results will likely come out on July 14.

-James Powel

How to watch NYC Democratic mayor primary: TV coverage, livestream info

Spectrum News said viewers can watch their primary election coverage on its website and app starting at 8 a.m. local time on Tuesday.

For people without a Spectrum subscription, coverage of Tuesday’s primary will be available on the Spectrum News app and online on the Spectrum News website.

After polls close, “Capital Tonight” anchor Susan Arbetter will give live updates and analysis on results. The Spectrum News app will also offer election results.

PBS News will provide a live results tracker that will continuously update as new vote totals are reported by the New York City Board of Elections once polls close.

-Fernando Cervantes Jr.

NYC mayor primary: See map of wait times, polling sites, closing times

The clock is ticking for New Yorkers to vote in the city’s primary election. Election Day polls close at 9 p.m. ET for the New York City primary.

To find estimated wait times of polling sites around New York City, click on the dots on the below map provided by the NYC Board of Elections.

-James Powel

Primary vote total nears 1 million

The New York City Board of Elections reported on X that over 930,500 New Yorkers have voted in the primary as of 7:30 p.m. ET.

That total includes the check-ins on election day as well as early voting with the latter closing at an unofficial count of 384,338 votes on June 22. Mail ballots add over 50,000 votes the board reported earlier in the day.

Brooklyn led the five boroughs in check-ins with 336,387 votes cast overall and 193,652 from election day so-far. Manhattan follows with 272,884 ballots cast in person with 122,642 of them from early voting. The Bronx accounts for 97,632 check-ins, an alarm bell for Cuomo who needs a strong showing from working class voters in the borough to have a shot at Gracie Mansion.

Polls close at 9 p.m. ET.

-James Powel

Brad Lander and Mamadani cross-endorsed for second choice

City Comptroller Brad Lander and Mamdani have endorsed each other in the mayoral race. The two even appeared on “The Late Show with Stephen Colbert” the night before the primary. Mamdani has also cross-endorsed with Michael Blake, the Democratic National Committee vice chair.

Under ranked choice, candidates can cross-endorse each other to encourage their voters rank other candidate lower on the ballot. It’s a smart tactic, former mayoral candidate Andrew Yang previously told USA TODAY. It can expand candidates’ voter coalitions, and Yang’s late endorsement of Kathryn Garcia was seen as giving her a boost in her narrow loss to Mayor Eric Adams in 2021.

Experts say ranked choice voting creates an incentive for this kind of collaboration and discourages negative campaigning to form these coalitions. But as the race between Cuomo and Mamdani has tightened, negative campaigning between the two, with accusations of antisemitism and Islamophobia has tinged the race.

-Eduardo Cuevas

How ranked-choice voting works in New York City

New York City first used ranked choice voting in 2021, after voters approved the system in 2019. The elections system is based on choosing up to five candidates in order of preference. It’s used in city elections for mayor, City Council, borough president, comptroller and public advocate.

If no candidate garners more than 50% first-place votes, the Board of Elections eliminates the candidate with the fewest first-place votes and redistributes their votes based on their lower-ranked choices. The process continues until there are two candidates left.

In the mayor’s race, it’s unlikely one candidate will garner over half of first-round votes.

-Eduardo Cuevas

In the Bronx, voters weigh experience versus new vision for city

After the 2024 election, state Assembly Member Zohran Mamdani interviewed Bronx residents about large swings toward Donald Trump in the presidential election. A few blocks from where he once stood on Fordham Road, on June 24, voters slowly trickled to the polling site at P.S. 85 Great Expectations, in the Bronx.

Children nearby splashed in the water of a spewing fire hydrant just feet away. A few workers with T shirts supporting former Gov. Andrew Cuomo stood in the shade, handing leaflets to people passing.

Elvira Santiago, 52, who works in school safety, planned to rank Cuomo. Although she didn’t vote in the 2024 presidential election, she was worried about affordability in the city, saying her 26-year-old wouldn’t be able to afford a studio apartment.

“I’m just hoping they do right by us,” she said.

Many looked to Cuomo’s experience handling the state government for years, particularly during the pandemic.

“I’d rather have someone experienced rather than someone who isn’t,” said Patrick Pierce, a hospital transportation worker who voted for Cuomo in the morning. His union, SEIU 1199, endorsed Cuomo, and Pierce thought Mamdani was too inexperienced.

Yet others saw Cuomo’s record as a negative, particularly with allegations of corruption and sexual harassment. Some voters saw Mamdani as the political newcomer who could lead the city with progressive policies.

“New York needs a young, forward-thinking type of person to head the city into what’s going to be some pretty tough four years with Donald Trump as president,” said Ricky Gonzalez, a 20-year-old finance major at Fordham University.

Akil Bello, 53, a college access worker for the State University of New York, said many of Mamdani’s proposed policies aren’t radical. He said other cities have adopted free buses, and rent freezes have been enacted, even in New York.

Even more though, he said, city leadership can’t get worse than under Mayor Eric Adams.“I don’t think we can do much worse,” he said. “I think the ceiling is much higher.”- Eduardo Cuevas

Former Rep. Anthony Weiner running for city council

Voters will not only be casting their ballots in the New York City mayoral primary today. They will also be voting on candidates running for City Council, among other seats.

Democrat Anthony Weiner, who served in Congress until 2011, is running for City Council. He was sentenced to 21 months in prison in 2017 for “transferring obscene material to a minor,” according to the Department of Justice.

Then Acting Manhattan U.S. Attorney Joon H. Kim said that Weiner had asked a 15-year-old to “display her naked body and engage in sexually explicit behavior for him online.”

After his release from prison, Weiner had to register as a sex offender.

Weiner also twice ran unsucessfully for mayor, in 2005 and 2013.

Weiner is not the only candidate accused of sexual misconduct. Cuomo resigned as New York governor in 2021 amid allegations of sexual harrasment that included kissing, groping, hugging and inappropriate comments, according to a report from the state Attorney General’s Office.

-Sudiksha Kochi

NYC won’t know mayoral primary results until at least July 1

Everyone eager to know when former Gov. Andrew Cuomo or Assembly Member Zohran Mamdani will win the June 24 New York City mayoral Democratic primary is going to be waiting a while.

Unofficial results won’t be announced by the city Board of Elections until July 1, and the results won’t be officially certified until July 14.

Since 2021, in primaries the city uses ranked choice voting, a system that allows residents to vote for up to five candidates in order from their most preferred to least. If no candidate gets more than 50% of first-place votes, which seems very likely based on polls of the crowded mayoral field, then the least-popular candidate is eliminated and their supporters’ votes redistributed to other candidates based on their lower-ranked preferences.

This process takes time, meaning voters are very unlikely know the results on election night. In 2021, when current mayor Eric Adams (who is running for re-election this year as an Independent) secured victory, it took several days to determine just how close Kathryn Garcia, the runner-up, came to beating him after all the ranked-choice tabulations.

-Anna Kaufman and Ben Adler

Who have newspapers endorsed?

New York City newspaper endorsements can be very powerful in local races. In 2021, The New York Times and the New York Daily News sent Sanitation Comissioner Kathryn Garcia from obscure first-term candidate to near-victory.

This year, the Times offered a circuitous non-endorsement, conceding that it was effectively a two-man race between Cuomo and Mamdani but failing to throw full-throated support behind either. Instead, the paper’s editorial board chided Mandani as running on “an agenda uniquely unsuited to the city’s challenges,” and, while acknowledging Cuomo’s “significant shortcomings,” seemed more impressed with his accomplishments.

A separate panel of New York City residents and leaders published by the Times favored City Comptroller Brad Lander, who is running a distant third to Mamdani and Cuomo.

The Washington Post took a similar tack, comparing the two as either a “bully” (Cuomo) or a “socialist” (Mamdani.)

The Daily News endorsed Cuomo for first-place, City Council Speaker Adrienne Adams for second and Lander third.

The New York Post, which enthusiastically backed Mayor Adams in 2021, declined to endorse a candidate in this year’s primary but it published an anyone-but-Mamdani editorial.

-Anna Kaufman and Ben Adler

Republican candidate predicts Mamdani will win

Republican New York City mayoral nominee Curtis Sliwa told The New York Times that he thinks Mamdani will win the Democratic primary. He said Mamdani had stronger field operations and connected with young voters better.

“The millennials and hipsters are the majority now, not the baby boomers,” he told the newspaper.

He also said Cuomo “looked grumpy and angry on the campaign.”

-Sudiksha Kochi

Mayor Eric Adams tells reporters he planned to write himself in for mayor five times

Mayor Eric Adams isn’t running for re-election in the June 24 Democratic primary, but that didn’t stop him from voting. Outside of his Brooklyn polling place, he told reporters he planned to write his name in for mayor. “One, two, three, four and five, Eric Adams,” he said.

Under the city’s ranked choice voting, voters can choose up to five different candidates. Writing in the same candidate five times would invalidate the person’s second through fifth-place votes, though not the entire ballot. “You cannot rank the same candidate more than once,” the city Board of Elections said in voter instructions.

Fabien Levy, a spokesperson for the mayor, said the mayor was joking about voting for himself more than once.

“Everyone in the room knew he was joking, other than the reporters who sent the tweet,” Levy told USA TODAY.

Levy didn’t know how the mayor voted, but he said he knew how to vote properly.

“I wasn’t in the booth, so can’t tell you how he voted, but he knows how to vote properly,” Levy added.

In 2021, Adams won the Democratic primary — when New York City first used ranked choice voting — before easily winning in the general election that year.

Adams has opted to run as an independent in the November 2025 general election. Even though the city skews heavily Democratic, the race for mayor isn’t over regardless of the June 24 Democratic primary outcome.

– Eduardo Cuevas

Mamdani would be New York’s first Israel critic as mayor

The politics of a foreign country don’t normally weigh on municipal issues. But in a global city like New York, home to 1 million Jews, Israel and its siege of Gaza after the 2023 Hamas-led attacks have taken center stage in a campaign otherwise focused on affordability and public safety.

Since Israel’s founding, every New York City mayor has visited Jerusalem. Mayor Vincent Impellitteri first made the trip in 1951. Mamdani has declined to follow suit when asked whether he’d visit Israel. Instead, he’s said he’d prioritize Jewish safety in the five boroughs, but he has criticized Israel’s treatment of Palestinians, calling its actions in Gaza a genocide.

Mamdani has defended the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement to cut ties with Israel in order for it to change its policies toward Palestinians. Israel supporters have called the movement antisemitic for protesting the only Jewish state. On the debate stage, Mamdani has said he supports Israel’s right to exist “as a state with equal rights” when pressed on whether he supported Israel’s right to exist as a Jewish state.

He also declined to condemn the controversial phrase “Globalize the Intifada.” The popular rallying cry for liberation by Palestinians and their supporters is heard by pro-Israel supporters as a call to violence against Jews, harkening back to resistance movements in the 1980s and 2000s. Mamdani was swiftly criticized for his comments, including by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and the American Jewish Committee.

Cuomo and Whitney Tilson, a former hedge fund manager, have repeatedly accused Mamdani of antisemitism, charges that Mamdani denies. A super PAC supporting Cuomo — which receives funding from former Mayor Mike Bloomberg and billionaire Trump supporter Bill Ackman — have also unleashed tens of millions in ads painting Mamdani as an extremist. Mamdani, who is Muslim, and his supporters have said the attacks rely on islamophobic tropes. Mamdani would be the city’s first Muslim mayor.

Meanwhile, candidates agree antisemitism is a pressing issue, evidenced by rises in attacks against Jewish people. Cuomo, who is not Jewish, made opposing antisemitism a top issue issue in his campaign. Other candidates who are Jewish have criticized Cuomo for his use of antisemitism as a campaign tactic.

The politics of a foreign country don’t normally weigh on municipal issues. But in a global city like New York, home to 1 million Jews with many having strong support for Zionism, Israel and its siege of Gaza after the 2023 Hamas-led attacks have taken center stage in a campaign largely focused on affordability and public safety. New York City is home to the most amount of Jews outside of Israel.

Since Israel’s founding, every New York City mayor has visited Jerusalem. Mayor Vincent Impellitteri first made the trip in 1951. Mamdani has declined to follow suit when asked whether he’d visit Israel. Instead, he’s said he’d prioritize Jewish safety in the five boroughs, but he has criticized Israel’s treatment of Palestinians, calling its actions in Gaza a genocide.

Mamdani has defended the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions movement to cut ties with Israel in order for it to change its policies toward Palestinians. Israel supporters have called the movement antisemitic for protesting the only Jewish state. On the debate stage, Mamdani has said he supports Israel’s right to exist “as a state with equal rights” when pressed on whether he supported Israel’s right to exist as a Jewish state.

He also declined to condemn the controversial phrase “Globalize the Intifada.” The popular rallying cry for liberation by Palestinians and their supporters is heard by pro-Israel supporters as a call to violence against Jews, harkening back to resistance movements in the 1980s and 2000s. Mamdani was swiftly criticized for his comments, including by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum and the American Jewish Committee.

Cuomo and Whitney Tilson, a former hedge fund manager, have repeatedly accused Mamdani of antisemitism, charges that Mamdani denies. A super PAC supporting Cuomo — which receives funding from former Mayor Mike Bloomberg and billionaire Trump supporter Bill Ackman — have also unleashed tens of millions in ads painting Mamdani as an extremist. Mamdani, who is Muslim, and his supporters have said the attacks rely on islamophobic tropes. Mamdani would be the city’s first Muslim mayor.

Meanwhile, candidates agree antisemitism is a pressing issue, evidenced by rises in attacks against Jewish people. Cuomo, who is not Jewish, made antisemitism a top issue, equating it with opposition to Israel. Other candidates who are Jewish have criticized Cuomo for his use of antisemitism as a campaign tactic. New York City Comptroller Brad Lander who has cross-endorsed with Mamdani, each urging their supporters to rank the other candidate second on their ballots, is Jewish.

-Eduardo Cuevas

New York City mayor primary: Where the polls are, when they open and close

The final hours of voting in the New York City mayoral primary elections start the morning of June 24.

Election Day polls opened at 6 a.m. and close at 9 p.m.

You can find a list of polling places here.

-James Powel

In the NYC mayoral race, a chance for historic firsts

If Cuomo wins the race for City Hall, he will be the first former governor to become mayor. He is also the heir to a political dynast: his father Mario Cuomo was also a three-term governor. Before being elected governor in 1982, Mario Cuomo unsuccessfully ran for mayor in the 1977 Democratic primary, losing to New York City Comptroller Abe Beame.

Mamdani, on the other hand, presents a different kind of first – a fresh-faced legislator with less than five years in office, gunning to be the first Muslim New York City mayor, the first Asian American mayor, and the first Democratic Socialist in City Hall. He is also from a prominent family: his father is a well-known professor at Columbia University and his mother is the filmmaker Mira Nair.

-Ben Adler and Anna Kaufman

Who is running for NYC mayor?

There are 11 Democrats on the ballot in the June 24 primary, hoping to advance to the general election on Nov. 4:

Ramos stopped campaigning and endorsed Cuomo.

Whoever wins the Democratic mayoral primary on June 24 will face Republican candidate, Curtis Sliwa and two independents: NYC Mayor Eric L. Adams and Jim Walden in the general election on Nov. 5.

Cuomo is also on the November ballot as the nominee of the newly invented Fight and Deliver Party ballot line and he will continue that campaign even if he loses the Democratic nomination. Likewise, Mamdani is the candidate of the Working Families Party and he may run on that in the fall even if he loses the Democratic primary.

-Ben Adler and Fernando Cervantes Jr.

What are Zohran Mamdani’s policy proposals?

Mamdani has surged from obscurity to a leading contender for mayor with a campaign platform intended to reduce New York City’s high cost of living. Those proposals include:

An immediate rent freeze for all rent-stabilized tenants

The elimination of fares on city busses

Creating a Department of Community Safety and investments in citywide mental health programs and crisis response

A 2% tax on residents earning above $1 million annually

Raising the corporate tax rate to 11.5%

Overhauling the Mayor’s Office to Protect Tenants so as to toughen code enforcement on landlords

Fast tracking affordable housing development

Establishing city-owned grocery stores

The only problem? New York City doesn’t have the legal authority to raise taxes, and thus the revenue for programs like free buses, without permission from the state government. And New York Gov. Kathy Hochul has said she isn’t willing to increase taxes on top earners as Mamdani proposes.

-Ben Adler and James Powel

Justin Brannan, Mark Levine battle for New York City comptroller

Mayor isn’t the only race on the ballot on June 24. The next-most powerful position in New York City government, comptroller, is also up for grabs.

The comptroller is the city’s chief fiscal officer. He or she audits city agencies, manages city employees’ pension funds, and oversees contracts to safeguard against waste, fraud and abuse.

The two leading candidates for comptroller are Manhattan Borough President Mark Levine and City Council Member Justin Brannan, from Brooklyn. State Sen. Kevin Parker of Brooklyn is also running.

Levine is a typical liberal from Manhattan’s Upper West Side, which he previously represented on the City Council. Brannan, who represents the politically diverse, middle-class neighborhood of Bay Ridge, is more idiosyncratic, having been a member of the Council’s Progressive Caucus but also describing himself as a moderate. He was endorsed by Sen. Bernie Sanders, I-Vermont.

Current Comptroller Brad Lander is running for mayor, and currently polling in third place. His predecessor Scott Stringer is also on the mayoral ballot.

-Ben Adler

Can NYC polling sites handle the heat?

As the city awoke to alarmingly high temperatures Tuesday, June 24, the Board of Elections prepared for the worst: a blackout at polling sites.

In a statement to City & State, a spokesperson said the board was prepared with backup batteries and that should those run out, ballots would be counted later, similar to the process for absentee or vote-by-mail ballots.

Candidates urged voters to stay cool as they made their voices heard, pushing for water and additional air conditioning at polling sites.

-Anna Kaufman

Who is Zohran Mamdani?

Mamdani is an Assembly member from Astoria, Queens. He is the first South Asian man to serve in the assembly and the third Muslim person to do so.

He previously worked as a foreclosure-prevention housing counselor and a campaign staffer.

He was born in Uganda but raised in Manhattan after his family moved there when he was 7 years old, according to his office’s biography.

Mamdani describes himself on his campaign website as a democratic socialist.

He is the son of Mahmood Mamdani, a professor at Columbia University, and Mira Nair, a filmmaker best known for directing “Monsoon Wedding.”

-James Powel

Ranked choice voting in a crowded field

While Cuomo continued to lead Mamdani in first-place voters, New York City primaries now use a system of ranked-choice voting, in which voters rank up to five candidates.

And they have a plethora to choose from. New York City Comptroller Brad Lander is polling in third place, and he and Mamdani have cross-endorsed one another, encouraging their supporters to rank the other candidate second. Then there’s Lander’s predcessor Scott Stringer, City Council Speaker Adrienne Adams (no relation to the mayor), state Sen. Zelnor Myrie, former Assembly Member Michael Blake and retired hedge fund manager Whitney Tilson.

With the exception of Tilson, the candidates generally lean left, and their supporters may be more likely to rank Mamdani than Cuomo down ballot. That is the dynamic that led to Mamdani overtaking Cuomo in the instant runoff in the most recent poll.

“In this ranked choice environment, I do feel there are scenarios in which Cuomo is beatable,” Basil Smikle, a New York City-based political consultant, told USA TODAY in early June.

An extreme heat wave could harm turnout

New York City is in the midst of a severe heat wave, with temperatures well above 90 degrees and the city’s stifling summer humidity. June 24 is expected to be especially scorching, with highs breaking the rarely-breached 100-degree mark.

This may pose a threat to Cuomo’s chances, because his supporters skew older and are more likely to stay away because of the temperature. The former governor complained on June 19 that the Board of Elections’ plans to mitigate the heat were insufficient and demanded air conditioning in polling places. Cuomo’s backers are also more likely to cast their ballots on Election Day, while Mamdani’s − who tend to be younger, highly educated, engaged, and enthusiastic − are better represented among those who took advantage of early voting, which started on June 14.

-Ben Adler

A campaign under Trump’s shadow

As he does in all facets of politics, President Donald Trump looms large in his former hometown’s elections. Adams’ increasingly friendly relationship with Trump has driven his split with the Democratic Party’s base, while every other candidate pledges to fight against the president.

In a clearly implied contrast with Adams, progressive candidates have tried to prove their anti-Trump bona fides on immigration. Mamdani shouted at White House immigration czar Tom Homan when Homan came to the state Capitol in Albany, and Lander recently made national news by getting arrested escorting an immigrant out of a deportation hearing.

Cuomo has argued that his experience makes him best qualified to handle Trump.

“Donald Trump would go through Mr. Mamdani like a hot knife through butter,” Cuomo said at a June 5 debate that was dominated mostly by opponents’ attacks on his record.

-Ben Adler

AOC, Bernie Sanders, Bill Clinton weigh in

Prominent figures in national politics have weighed in on both sides. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, whose district overlaps with Mamdani’s in Queens, put him at the top of her ballot. Sen. Bernie Sanders, the independent Vermont socialist who grew up in Brooklyn, is backing Mamdani as well.

But beacons of the Democratic Party’s moderate establishment such as former President Bill Clinton have weighed in on behalf of Cuomo.

With New York’s complicated instant runoff, in which the lowest ranked candidate in each round is eliminated, taking days to conduct, the only thing that will be known on election night is who got the most first place votes.

-Ben Adler