The Trump administration on Monday will begin enforcing an expansive new travel ban for people from 19 countries, restrictions that come eight years after President Donald Trump’s first attempt to impose a ban led to chaotic scenes at U.S. airports. Trump announced the new policy last week, fully banning travelers from a dozen countries and partially restricting those from another seven. Administration officials said the prohibitions are necessary to improve national security by targeting countries that have ties to terrorism, lack sufficient vetting for passports and have high rates of citizens who overstay their U.S. visas.

Immigrant advocates said they do not anticipate the same level of mass protests that greeted Trump’s announcement of an immediate ban in January 2017 on travelers from some Muslim-majority countries. That decree led federal authorities at U.S. airports to detain people with valid visas who were traveling to the country when Trump made his announcement, prompting a flurry of lawsuits challenging the order. Two versions of the ban were halted by federal judges.

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Trump’s latest effort, however, may be more difficult to challenge in court. In 2018, the U.S. Supreme Court upheld a third revision of the ban. Legal experts said the Trump administration has applied lessons from Trump’s first term and crafted the new order in a way that makes it less susceptible to being blocked.

The White House said the restrictions include exceptions for legal permanent residents, refugees already in the country, current visa holders and individuals whose entry serves U.S. national interests. Unlike in 2017, the administration also provided several days’ notice for the provisions to take effect, giving prospective travelers and foreign governments time to prepare for the changes.

“A lot of what people remember from the first Muslim travel bans was that they resulted in this chaos at airports,” said Stephanie Gee, senior director of U.S. legal services at the International Refugee Assistance Project. “There was a mass mobilization around that. I wouldn’t anticipate the same scale of that issue because it seems like they learned their lesson on the implementation front.”

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Trump’s order fully restricts the entry of individuals from Afghanistan, Chad, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Haiti, Iran, Libya, Myanmar, Somalia, Sudan and Yemen. It also partially restricts the entry of travelers from Burundi, Cuba, Laos, Sierra Leone, Togo, Turkmenistan and Venezuela.

Democrats and at least one Republican — Rep. Michael Lawler of New York — have denounced the ban as inhumane and unnecessary. Lawler, whose district includes the Hudson Valley, with a large population of Haitian immigrants, said that country was experiencing an unprecedented humanitarian crisis because of widespread violence. He called on the administration to remove Haiti from the list.

“This shameful ban revives some of our nation’s most reviled discriminatory immigration practices,” Connecticut Attorney General William Tong (D) said in a statement. “We are evaluating all legal options in coordination with our multistate partners to defend the integrity of our immigration laws.”

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The effort to significantly curtail travelers from 19 countries comes as the Trump administration has pursued extraordinary measures to curtail illegal and legal immigration, including efforts to enact mass deportations, ban birthright citizenship, suspend refugee admissions and scrap due process rights for alleged gang members from Venezuela.

In a video message last week, Trump defended the travel restrictions as a way to protect the country against potential terrorist attacks or other security threats, even though national security analysts question the need for such measures. Alex Nowrasteh, a policy analyst at the libertarian-leaning Cato Institute, said one person has been killed on U.S. soil by a terrorist from one of the countries facing a full ban on travel.